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Fun facts on Mongolia and MongolsFun facts on Mongolia. Mongolia consists of a large plateau in eastern central Asia. Much of it is covered by the Gobi, a cold, bleak, stony desert. Mongolia is divided into two parts. Inner Mongolia is part of China. The rest of the region, once called Outer Mongolia, is now the Mongolian People's Republic. The country of Mongolia is bordered by the Russia to the north and China to the south. Only 2,736,800 people live in the Mongolian People's Republic's 592,665 square miles Its capital is Ulan Bator. Mongolia lies between about 1,500 and 14,000 feet above sea-level. The country's known mineral resources include coal, copper, gold and iron.
Despite its small population, Mongolia has more than 10 million two-humped camels, cattle, goats and horses, and as many sheep. Until the 1950s most Mongolians were nomads. Today, outside the cities, most Mongolians are now settled on huge government-run ranches. Mongolia was once the center of a vast empire. In the a.d. 1200s, Mongol tribes united under Ghengis Khan to conquer most of the land between Japan and Europe. The Mongol empire did not last long, however. It later formed part of the Manchu empire, which included China. China finally recognized Mongolia's independence in 1946.
Fun facts on Mongolia: Ulan Bator, the capital of the Mongolian People's Republic. The city has many modern buildings and a university. Its industries produce woolen textiles, leatherware and meat products Fun facts on Mongols. The greatest nomad attack on civilization was made by the Mongols. In 1206 a Mongol, Temujin, was chosen as Khakhan, or great ruler, at a tribal meeting at Karakorum, near Lake Baikal in Siberia. He took the name Chinghis or Genghiz (the strong) and ordered his followers to conquer the world. By his death in 1227, the Mongols ruled from the Volga river to the north China coast. They were deadly fighters from horseback. With the invention of the bridle and the stirrup, they could use lances and shoot bows when riding. The Mongols killed the peoples they conquered in terrible massacres. They saved and gave power to merchants, artisans and scholars.
Fun facts on Mongolia and Mongols: Chinghis Khakhan Ogodai, Genghiz's third son, became Khakhan and began the conquest of China. To Batu, son of Genghiz Khan's eldest son, had been left the conquest of Europe. This began in 1236 with the help of Subatai, the Mongol cavalry general. In 1240-2 Batu swept through western Russia, Poland, Czechoslovakia and Hungary, defeating all he met. Slav civilization was devastated. When they heard of Ogodai's death the Mongols left Europe to take part in the election of the new Khakhan. Hulagu, another grandson, conquered Arabia and attacked Egypt in 1255-8. His victories and massacres did an enormous amount of damage to Muslim civilization. Mangu, the fourth Khakhan, and his brother Kublai conquered southern China in 1257-9. In 1259 Kublai succeeded Mangu as Khakhan and also became Emperor of China. The Mongols had ceased to be nomads. Under Kublai Khan there was peace and order over the whole area between Europe and China; trade in silk flourished. Europe and Asia were brought into contact. You can read these articles also: |
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