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Interesting facts - Nova Scotia

Nova Scotia is an eastern maritime province of Canada. The name, which comes from the Latin for 'New Scotland', was given to it by British settlers in the 1700's. Covering an area of 21,425 square miles, Nova Scotia consists of a peninsula that is joined to the mainland by the isthmus of Chignccto.

It is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, south and west, the Bay of Fundy on the northwest, New Brunswick and Northumberland Strait on the north and the Gulf of St Lawrence on the northeast. The province includes Cape Breton Island, which is separated from mainland Nova Scotia by the two-mile wide Strait of Canso. Because of numerous bays and inlets, including Chignecto Bay and Cumberland Basin, Nova Scotia's coastline is long. The climate is cool and damp, with an annual rainfall of about 45 inches.

The map shows the location of the province of Nova Scotia in eastern Canada: Interesting facts - Nova Scotia

Slightly less than half of Nova Scotia's population of about 1 000 000 live in rural areas. About two-fifths of the people live in the urban area of Halifax (the capital) and Sydney, the chief cities and ports. The leading occupations of the people are farming, forestry, mining, fishing and industry. Only about one-twentieth of the land is suited to farming. Mixed farming (crops and livestock) leads, with dairy-farming important near the larger towns.

Annapolis Valley, near the Bay of Fundy coast, is noted for its apple crops. Forests cover more than half of the mainland area. Timber-felling, much of it for wood-pulp, is a major industry. Coal is the principal mineral deposit. By 1970, coal had become uneconomic to mine, but it still made up more than half of the minerals extracted in the province.

Other minerals, mined chiefly at Walton, include silver, zinc, copper and lead. Fishing, which has long been important, expanded during the 1960s. Leading catches include lobsters, cod and haddock. Lunenburg, on the Atlantic coast, has one of North America's largest fish-processing factories. Nova Scotia's leading industry is steel-making. Other industries include cement and salt manufacture.

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