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New Mexico facts for kids

New Mexico is a large, thinly populated state on the Mexican border. It covers an area of 121,666 square miles and is the fifth largest state. However, it has only 2,059,179 people. Much of New Mexico is covered with canyons, deserts and mountain ranges.

The map - facts and information about New Mexico

New Mexico facts for kids

The map shows the location of New Mexico

The state borders Arizona, Colorado, Oklahoma and Texas. To the south it borders Mexico. Down its center from north to south flows the Rio Grande which, helped by dams, irrigates a large part of the country. The Great Plains cover the eastern part of New Mexico. In the north-central area are the Rocky Mountains. The Basin and Range region, containing mountains and desert basins, covers the south and west. The broken Colorado plateau is in the northwest. Mining and farming are the leading industries. Petroleum and natural gas are the chief products, but New Mexico also has important deposits of uranium and potash. New Mexican farms are large ranches where sheep and cattle graze. Crops are raised in irrigated areas.

The state capital is Santa Fe but the largest city is Albuquerque. Roth cities are centrally situated. Albuquerque is on the Rio Grande, and Santa Fe lies near the river.

New Mexico attracts tourists because of its dramatic and rugged landscape, and because of its history. Remains of ancient settlements show that the state had an Indian civilization long before the discovery of America by Europeans. Spanish explorers claimed the region for Spain in the 1500's. In the 1800's, New Mexico became a province of Mexico. The United States took the region in the Mexican War of 1846-48. Clashes followed with Indian tribes. Colorful characters who contributed to New Mexico's turbulent history include Kit Carson and Billy the Kid. New Mexico became the 47th state of the Union in 1912. The culture of New Mexico still shows much Mexican and Spanish influence and the Spanish language is widely used. Mexican foods are a special feature.

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